The On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) system is crucial for modern vehicle maintenance and emission control. Understanding how to use an OBD2 code reader and interpreting the results is essential for both car owners and automotive professionals. This guide provides a comprehensive reference to the OBD test portion of a Smog Check inspection, focusing on pass/fail standards and common issues you might encounter. It serves as an enhanced “Auto Drive Obd2 Code Reader Manual” by detailing not just how to read codes, but also the broader context of OBD testing in vehicle inspections.
OBD-II System Overview: Your Car’s Health Monitor
The OBD system monitors your vehicle’s emission control components and performance. It uses sensors to detect malfunctions and, when a problem is significant enough, it illuminates the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), commonly known as the “Check Engine” light. An OBD2 code reader is a tool that connects to your vehicle’s diagnostic port and allows you to retrieve diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) stored by the OBD system. These codes provide valuable information about potential issues, acting as a starting point for diagnosis and repair.
This document outlines the pass/fail criteria for the OBD test during a Smog Check, which is a mandatory emissions inspection in many regions. It also addresses specific vehicle models that may present unique challenges during OBD testing. This information is vital for anyone using an “auto drive obd2 code reader manual” because it goes beyond basic code reading to explain how those codes are evaluated in a real-world inspection scenario.
Pass/Fail Standards for OBD-II Smog Checks: Key Requirements
During a Smog Check, the OBD system is tested against several standards to ensure it’s functioning correctly and that the vehicle meets emission regulations. These standards cover readiness monitors, the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), communication with the diagnostic tool, Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes (PDTCs), and modified software.
Readiness Monitor Standards: Ensuring Emission Control Functionality
Readiness monitors are self-tests performed by the OBD system to confirm that emission control systems are working as intended. These monitors need to be completed for a vehicle to pass the OBD portion of a Smog Check. While most monitors complete during normal driving, some require specific driving conditions, often referred to as “drive cycles.”
The number of incomplete readiness monitors allowed varies based on the vehicle’s model year and fuel type:
| Model Year | Fuel Type | Number of Incomplete Monitors Allowed to Pass OBD Test |
|---|---|---|
| 1996-1999 | Gas | Any one |
| 2000 and newer | Gas | Evaporative system |
| 1998-2006 | Diesel | Zero |
| 2007 and newer | Diesel | Particulate Filter and Non-Methane HydroCarbon (NMHC) |
It’s important to note that the misfire, fuel, and comprehensive component continuous monitors are typically ignored during an OBD test on gasoline vehicles. Understanding readiness monitors is crucial when using your “auto drive obd2 code reader manual,” as incomplete monitors can indicate underlying issues or simply the need for a proper drive cycle.
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Standards: The “Check Engine” Light
The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) or “Check Engine” light is a primary indicator of OBD system status. The MIL’s behavior during the Smog Check is assessed against specific pass/fail standards:
| Vehicle | Pass/Fail | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| All with OBDII | Pass | MIL illuminates when key on engine off (KOEO). |
| All with OBDII | Pass | MIL turns off when engine running (KOER). |
| All with OBDII | Fail | MIL does not illuminate when key on engine off (KOEO). |
| All with OBDII | Fail | MIL illuminates when engine running (KOER). |
These standards ensure that the MIL is functioning correctly as a warning system. If your “auto drive obd2 code reader manual” mentions MIL codes, remember that the MIL itself must also operate as expected to pass inspection.
Communication Standards: Connecting to Your Vehicle’s Computer
For a Smog Check to be performed, the inspection equipment must be able to communicate with the vehicle’s OBD system. Communication failures can occur due to various reasons, including issues with the OBD connector, wiring problems, aftermarket accessories, or computer malfunctions.
Vehicle communication standards for the OBD test are straightforward:
| Vehicle | BAR-97/OIS | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| All with OBDII | BAR-97 | Vehicle communicates with BAR-97. |
| All with OBDII | OIS | Vehicle communicates with OIS and transmits required data. |
Required data typically includes information from OBD addresses Mode $01 PID $00 and Mode $01 PID $01. Mode $01 PID $00 indicates supported data, while Mode $01 PID $01 provides MIL status, DTCs, and monitor status. If your “auto drive obd2 code reader manual” suggests communication checks, this section highlights the importance of a successful connection for OBD testing.
Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code (PDTC) Standards: Understanding Non-Erasable Codes
Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes (PDTCs) are a type of DTC that cannot be cleared by simply using an OBD2 code reader or disconnecting the battery. PDTCs are designed to ensure that vehicle owners address underlying issues and don’t just erase codes to pass inspections. PDTCs will only clear themselves once the OBD system verifies that the problem is resolved over multiple drive cycles.
PDTC standards for Smog Checks are as follows:
| Model Year | BAR-97/OIS | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| 1996-1999 | BAR-97 | Not applicable. |
| 2000-2009 | OIS | Not applicable. |
| 2010 and newer | OIS | Vehicles fail when a PDTC is present. |
Vehicles from 2010 and newer will fail a Smog Check if a PDTC is present, regardless of whether the MIL is currently illuminated. However, PDTC presence is ignored if the vehicle has completed at least 15 warm-up cycles and been driven at least 200 miles since the OBD information was last cleared. Some vehicles have known issues with clearing PDTCs, and these are often addressed by manufacturer recalls or extended warranties. When using your “auto drive obd2 code reader manual,” be aware that PDTCs represent a more persistent issue than regular DTCs.
Modified Software Standards: Maintaining Legal Compliance
Tampering with vehicle software related to emissions is illegal and will result in a Smog Check failure. The Smog Check includes a check for modified software. Vehicles with illegally modified software will fail the inspection and must be restored to an OEM-approved or CARB-approved software configuration to pass a retest. This is a crucial aspect often not covered in a basic “auto drive obd2 code reader manual,” but it’s essential for understanding the full scope of OBD testing.
Troubleshooting OBD-II Test Issues: Vehicle-Specific Guidance
Certain vehicle makes and models are known to have specific issues that can affect OBD testing. These issues can range from communication problems to incomplete readiness monitors or false MIL illuminations. The following sections detail vehicles of interest, categorized by the type of OBD test and the nature of the problem. This section serves as an advanced troubleshooting guide beyond a standard “auto drive obd2 code reader manual,” providing vehicle-specific context.
OIS Vehicles of Interest: Addressing Common OBD-II Inspection Problems
The following tables list gasoline, flex-fuel, and diesel vehicles with model years 2000 and newer (gasoline/flex-fuel) or 1998 and newer (diesel) that have known OBD test issues during an OIS (OBD Inspection System) Smog Check.
| Make | Year | Model Engine (L); Fuel Type | Issue | Cause and Possible Remedy | Instruction to Inspector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audi | 2000-2004 | A4 & A6 | Fail for no OBD communication. | Broken ground bond wire in ABS module. | Repair per Audi TSB #A45-15-10. |
| BMW | 6/1/99 – 7/31/00 | 323i Sedan | May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set. | DME Software error. | Reprogram DME with updated software (TSB #SI B12 16 16). |
| BMW | 9/3/99 – 7/31/00 | 323iT Touring | May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set. | DME Software error. | Reprogram DME with updated software (TSB #SI B12 16 16). |
| BMW | 6/1/99 – 7/29/00 | 323Ci Coupe | May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set. | DME Software error. | Reprogram DME with updated software (TSB #SI B12 16 16). |
| BMW | 6/23/99 – 7/29/00 | 323 Cic Convertible | May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set. | DME Software error. | Reprogram DME with updated software (TSB #SI B12 16 16). |
| BMW | 2000 | M52 (TU) engine | May not pass inspection due to oxygen sensors readiness monitor not set. | DME Software error. | Reprogram DME with updated software (TSB #SI B12 16 16). |
| BMW | 2000 | Fail for readiness. Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor. | Software error in ECM. | Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). | |
| BMW | built 3/98 – 7/99 | 323i, 323iA, 328i, 328iA | Fail for readiness. Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor. | Software error in ECM. | Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). |
| BMW | built 2/99 – 7/99 | 328iC, 328iCA, 323iC, 323iCA, 528i, 528iA, 528iT, 528iAT | Fail for readiness. Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor. | Software error in ECM. | Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). |
| BMW | built 9/98 – 7/99 | Z3 roadster 2.3 | Fail for readiness. Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor. | Software error in ECM. | Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). |
| BMW | built 4/99 – 7/99 | Z3 roadster coupe/ roadster 2.8 | Fail for readiness. Vehicle may not set oxygen sensor readiness monitor. | Software error in ECM. | Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). |
| BMW | 2001-2003 | Z3 M Roadster/coupe with S54 engine | Fail for no communication when ignition switched off/on. | Voluntary Emissions Recall Campaign to reprogram DME (Bulletin #SI B12 11 06). | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| BMW | 2000-2003 | Z8 & M5 with S62 engine | Fail for no communication when ignition switched off/on. | Voluntary Emissions Recall Campaign to reprogram DME (Bulletin #SI B12 11 06). | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| BMW | From series intro. up to 8/27/2004 | M3 with S54 engine | Fail for no communication when ignition switched off/on. | Voluntary Emissions Recall Campaign to reprogram DME (Bulletin #SI B12 11 06). | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| BMW | 2003 | M3 | Failure to set EGR monitor. | Check thermostat. | Repair and retest. |
| BMW | 2007 | 328i | Engine dies during OBD Test, won’t restart. | Keyless ignition related issue. | Separate key and vehicle, wait 20+ minutes, restart. |
| Chevrolet | 1998-2005 | DIESEL C/K2500 & C/K3500 (including Silverado and Suburban), G30, G3500 (including Sport Van, Express Cut-Away & Cargo), P30 | Federal diesel vehicle over 8,500 GVWR is not OBD-II certified. | Not OBD-II compliant. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. |
| Chevrolet | 1999-2005 | 3500 W35042 (box truck) [GVWR 10,001 – 14,000] (diesel) [Federal certified] | Vehicle is not equipped with OBD II. | OBD not installed in federals during these years. | OIS programmed to skip OBD functional test. |
| Chevrolet | 2000-2002 | S-10 (2WD), 2.2L I-4 (E85) | Monitors won’t set on certain flex fuel models. | System monitors disabled for operation > E15 blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Chevrolet | 2000-2005 | Suburban, Silverado, Express, Avalanche (gasoline) [Federal certified] | “Unable to confirm this Vehicle’s OBD II requirements. Does this vehicle have OBD II?” message. | Federally certified vehicle may not be OBD II certified. | Check under-hood emission label, follow OIS prompts. |
| Chevrolet | 2001 | Silverado / Tahoe C/K 1500 | Failure to set secondary air system monitor. | Possible air injection problem. | Diagnose, repair and retest. |
| Chevrolet | 2002 | Silverado C/K 2500HD (diesel) | Failure to set EGR monitor. | Difficult drive cycle. | OIS allows monitor to be incomplete. |
| Chevrolet | 2001-2002 | Cavalier CNG First VIN digit “3” (built in Mexico) | Failure to set CAT monitor. | Vehicle design anomaly. | OIS allows any one monitor to be incomplete. |
| Chevrolet | 2019 | Express 2.8L (diesel) [California certified] | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | ECM may not properly handle diagnostic information for PM sensor. | ECM reflash needed (Emission Recall N232408230). |
| Chrysler | 1999-2000 | Town & Country with 3.0L engine built after 12/1/1998 | EGR Monitor will not complete at high altitude. | Reflash available (TSB 18-03-00). | Repair per TSB, run monitors, retest. |
| Chrysler | 2000 | Town and Country 3.3L V-6 (E-85) | Readiness monitors will not set on certain flex fuel models. | All monitors disabled for operation >E30 and ethanol fuel content learning. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Chrysler | 2003 | PT Cruiser 2.4 liter DOHC 16v turbocharged | Failure to set catalyst monitor. | PCM software error. | Dealer must reprogram PCM (TSB #18-112-16). |
| Chrysler | 2010 built prior to 2/20/2010 | 300, Charger, Challenger 3.5L (5 speed automatic transmission) | Fail for monitor readiness, Or MIL illumination: P0456, P0452, P1115. | Reflash available (Chrysler TSB #18-008-10). | Repair per TSB and retest. |
| Dodge | 1998-2002 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) [California certified] | Some continuous monitors will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally, OIS allows one incomplete continuous monitor. |
| Dodge | 1998-2006 | Ram 2500, Ram 3500 (diesel) [Federal certified] | Federal diesel vehicle over 8,500 GVWR is not OBD-II certified. | Not OBD-II compliant. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. |
| Dodge | 1999-2000 | Caravan with 3.0L engine built after 12/1/1998 | EGR Monitor will not complete at high altitude. | Reflash available (TSB 18-03-00). | Repair per TSB, run monitors, retest. |
| Dodge | 2003 | Dakota, Durango and Ram Trucks with 4.7L engine [California or 50 state certified] | Catalyst monitor readiness status shows as not supported. | Broken vehicle, repair per TSB #18-032-10 (lifetime warranty). | Test normally, OIS ignores unsupported monitors. |
| Dodge | 2003 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) [California certified] | MIL light is commanded on, but check engine light is not illuminated and no DTCs are stored. | Vehicle design anomaly (Recall campaign #K01). | Test normally, OIS ignores MIL Command if no DTCs present. |
| Dodge | 2003-2004 | 25004X2 and Sprinter 35004X2 (diesel) [2003 Federal certified] [2004 Federal certified] | Federal diesel vehicle over 8,500 GVWR is not OBD-II certified. | Not OBD-II compliant. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. |
| Dodge | 2004-2005 built after 12/7/2003 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) [California certified] | Comprehensive component monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (TSB #18-030-10, lifetime warranty TSB #18-003-11). | Test normally, OIS allows one incomplete readiness monitor. |
| Dodge | 2004-2006 | 2500 3500 Sprinter (diesel) | EGR/VVT monitor will not complete. | ECU software error. | Test normally, OIS ignores EGR/VVT monitor. |
| Dodge | 2005 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) [Federal certified] | Misfire and Comprehensive Components monitors will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally, OIS ignores misfire and comprehensive component monitor readiness. |
| Dodge | 2006-2007 | Ram Truck 5.9L, 6.7L (Cummins diesel) [California certified] | Fuel System and Comprehensive Components monitors will not complete. | Recall campaign #K01. | Test normally, OIS ignores fuel and comprehensive component monitor readiness. |
| Dodge | 2006-2007 | Ram Truck with 5.9L (ETC or ETH) built after 1/1/06, [Federal Certified], Cab Chassis with 6.7L (ETJ) built before 1/11/07 (Cummins diesel) [Federal certified] | Fuel System and Comprehensive Components monitors will not complete. | TSB #18-017-10. | Test normally, OIS ignores fuel and comprehensive component monitor readiness. |
| Dodge | 2010 built before 2/20/10 | 300, Charger, Challenger 3.5L (5 speed automatic transmission) | Evaporative monitor will not set. | Evaporative leak detection monitor issue. | Test normally, inform consumer of TSB #18-008-10 Revision A. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2010-2015 | 2500 & 3500 6.7L (diesel) [California certified] | NOx after-treatment monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally, OIS allows NOx after-treatment monitor to be incomplete. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2014 | ProMaster 2500 & 3500 High 3.0L (diesel) [California certified] | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Recall V97 and ZC0). | Perform recall then retest. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2015 | ProMaster 1500, 2500, & 3500 High & Standard 3.0L (diesel) [California certified] | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Recall V97 and ZC0). | Perform recall then retest. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2016 | ProMaster 2500 & 3500 High 3.0L (diesel) [California certified] | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Recall V97). | Perform recall then retest. |
| Ford | 1998-2003 | Truck 7.3L (diesel) | Engine could shut off when requesting Mode $09 data. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally, OIS skips Mode $09 data request. |
| Ford | 1998-2004 | F250, F350, E350, E450, E Super Duty, Econo Commercial S- Duty, Econo RV S- Duty (diesel) [Federal certified] | Federal diesel vehicle over 8,500 GVWR is not OBD-II certified. | Not OBD-II compliant. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. |
| Ford | 2000-2004 | F250, F350, E350, Excursion (gasoline) [Federal certified] | “Unable to confirm this Vehicle’s OBD II requirements. Does this vehicle have OBD II?” message. | Federally certified vehicle may not be OBD II certified. | Check under-hood emission label, follow OIS prompts. |
| Ford | 2003 | Focus | Fail for readiness. | Monitors may be difficult to complete. | Reflash PCM per TSB #06-7-5. |
| Ford | 2004 | E350 Super duty 5.4 (gas) | Failure to set CAT monitor. | Vehicle design anomaly (Recall #15E06). | Repair per recall and retest. |
| Ford | 2011 | Edge, Explorer 3.5L & 3.7L | Vehicle fails for readiness. Some vehicles do not set readiness monitors. | Some vehicles clear OBD-II data on every engine start (Recall #13E04). | Consult Ford Emission Recall #13E04. |
| Ford | 2013-2016 | F series, Super Duty 6.7L (diesel) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | EGS monitor will not run until degreening strategy completes after DOC or DPF replacement. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete EGS monitor (expires 10/8/2025). |
| Ford | 2015-2019 | Transit 3.2L (diesel) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | EGS monitor will not run until degreening strategy completes after DOC or DPF replacement. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete EGS monitor (expires 10/8/2025). |
| Ford | 2020-2022 | Escape; all engines; Gasoline and hybrid | Might not communicate with BAR-OIS. | Design issue, software update available (SSM 50974). | Direct vehicle to Ford dealership for software update. |
| Ford | 2021-2022 | Bronco Sport; all engines; Gasoline (not hybrid) | Might not communicate with BAR-OIS. | Design issue, software update available (SSM 50974). | Direct vehicle to Ford dealership for software update. |
| Ford | 2021-2023 | E350, E450; all engines; Gasoline (not hybrid) | Might not communicate with BAR-OIS. | Design issue, software update available (SSM 50974). | Direct vehicle to Ford dealership for software update. |
| Ford | 2025 and newer | Explorer (2.3L) AWD, RWD. Test Group SFMXT02.34K2. | Fail for no OBD communication. | Vehicle has OBDonUDS. DAD 1.0 units incompatible. | Cal-VIS software skips OBD test until DAD 2.0 units certified. |
| Freightliner | 1998-2004 | M Line Walk In Van [GVWR 6,001-14,000] (diesel) [Federal certified] | Vehicle is not equipped with OBD II. | OBD not required in federally certified vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS programmed to skip OBD functional test. |
| Freightliner | 2004-2006 | Sprinter (diesel) | EGR/VVT monitor will not complete. | ECU software error. | Test normally, OIS ignores EGR/VVT monitor. |
| GM | 2000 – 2008 | Various models, and Silverado 1500 | OIS prompts for no vehicle voltage. | No power on OBDII connector (DLC pin 16). Possible blown fuse. | Use auxiliary DAD cables / power supply. |
| GM | 2015-2017 | All gasoline powered | Fail for readiness. | Post catalyst oxygen sensor monitor will not run until after 1,000 mile catalyst break in (Bulletin #15-NA-010). | Inspect vehicle after 1,000 miles or send to Referee. |
| GMC | 1998-2005 | DIESEL C/K2500 & C/K 3500 (including Suburban and Sierra), Savana G3500, Workhorse P30 Forward Cntl | Federal diesel vehicle over 8,500 GVWR is not OBD-II certified. | Not OBD-II compliant. | Test normally, OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. |
| GMC | 1999-2005 | W3500 W35042 (box truck) [GVWR 10,001 – 14,000] (diesel) [Federal certified] | Vehicle is not equipped with OBD II. | OBD not required in federally certified vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS programmed to skip OBD functional test. |
| GMC | 2000-2002 | Sonoma (2WD), 2.2L I-4 (E85) | Monitors wont set on certain flex fuel models. | System monitors disabled for operation > E15 blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| GMC | 2000-2005 | Sierra, Yukon, Savana (gasoline) [Federal certified] | “Unable to confirm this Vehicle’s OBD II requirements. Does this vehicle have OBD II?” message. | Federally certified vehicle may not be OBD II certified. | Check under-hood emission label, follow OIS prompts. |
| GMC | 2002 | Sierra C/K 2500HD (diesel) | Failure to set EGR monitor. | Difficult drive cycle. | OIS allows monitor to be incomplete. |
| GMC | 2019 | Savana 2.8L (diesel) [California certified] | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | ECM may not properly handle diagnostic information for PM sensor. | ECM reflash needed (Emission Recall N232408230). |
| GMC | 2022 | Sierra K2500 SLT 6.6L (diesel) [California certified] | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally, OIS allows Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor to be incomplete. |
| Hyundai | 2002 | Sonata | Fail for readiness. | Monitors are difficult to complete. | Run drive cycle (TSB #02-36-030). |
| Hyundai | 2003 | Tiburon | Will not communicate with generic OBD test equipment. | Pin 5 not grounded. | Ground pin 5 by jumping to pin 4 in DLC (Recall campaign #057, Hyundai TSB #03-01-003-01). |
| Infiniti | 2000 -2001 | I30 | Failure to set catalyst monitor. | Only OEM scan tool shows OBD catalyst code. | Test catalyst and replace if defective. |
| Infiniti | 2000 -2001 | I30 | Fail for readiness. | Vehicle has difficulty completing all monitors during normal driving. | Run drive cycle. |
| Isuzu | 1998-2005 | NPR [GVWR 10,001- – 14,000] (diesel) [Federal certified] | Vehicle is not equipped with OBD II. | OBD not required in federally certified vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS programmed to skip OBD functional test. |
| Isuzu | 2000-2002 | Hombre (2WD) 2.2L I-4 (E85) | Monitors wont set on certain flex fuel models. | System monitors disabled for operation > E15 blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Jaguar | 2017 | Jaguar XE, XF, & F-Pace 2.0L (diesel) [California certified] Test Group HJLXJ02.0STY | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Dealer recall H444). | Direct vehicle to Jaguar dealership for software update. |
| Jaguar | 2018 | Jaguar XE, XF, F-Pace & Rover Velar 2.0L (diesel) [California certified] Test group JJLXJ02.0STY | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Dealer recall H444). | Direct vehicle to Jaguar dealership for software update. |
| Jaguar | 2019 | Jaguar XE, XF, & F-Pace 2.0L (diesel) [California certified] Test group KJLXJ02.0STY | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Dealer recall H444). | Direct vehicle to Jaguar dealership for software update. |
| Jeep | 2005-2006 | Wrangler | O2 sensor, O2 heater, and catalyst readiness monitors may indicate not ready. | Vehicle design anomaly (TSB #25-005-13 Rev. A). | OIS allows incomplete O2 heater monitor. |
| Jeep | 2010-2011 | Wrangler 3.8L | Failure to set Oxygen sensor monitor. | PCM not running monitor frequently enough (Recall L34, L35, TSB 18-027-10). | Reflash PCM per TSB 18-027-10, special drive cycle may be needed. |
| Kia | 2009 | Borrego LX/EX 3.8L | Fail for readiness. Vehicle may not set EGR monitor. | Vehicle has difficulty completing EGR monitor. | OIS allows EGR/VVT monitor to be incomplete. |
| Land Rover | 2017 | Discovery, Range Rover, Range Rover Sport 3.0L (diesel)[California certified] Test group HJLXT03.0GTR | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Dealer recall N808). | Direct vehicle to Land Rover dealership for software update. |
| Land Rover | 2018 | Velar 2.0L (diesel) [California certified] Test group JJLXJ02.0STY | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Dealer recall N808). | Direct vehicle to Land Rover dealership for software update. |
| Land Rover | 2019 | Velar 2.0L (diesel) [California certified] Test group KJLXJ02.0STY | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor will not complete. | Vehicle design anomaly (Dealer recall N808). | Direct vehicle to Land Rover dealership for software update. |
| Lexus | 2007 | RX400 Hybrid | Fail for oxygen sensor (air/fuel) monitor readiness. | Air Fuel monitor issue (Lexus campaign FLD, TSB #L-SB-0027-15). | Advise motorist recall may be required (https://www.toyota.com/recall). |
| Lincoln | 2011 | MKX 3.5L & 3.7L | Vehicle fails for readiness. Some vehicles do not set readiness monitors. | Some vehicles clear OBD-II data on every engine start (Recall #13E04). | Consult Ford Emission Recall #13E04. |
| Lincoln | 2020-2022 | Corsair; all engines; Gasoline and hybrid | Might not communicate with BAR-OIS. | Design issue, software update available (SSM 50974). | Direct vehicle to Ford dealership for software update. |
| Mazda | 2000 | MPV | Failure to set Catalyst monitor. | May need catalyst and/or oxygen sensor. | Diagnose and repair. |
| Mazda | 2002-2003 | B3000 (2WD) 3.0L V-6 (E-85) | Readiness monitors will not set on certain flex fuel models. | Monitors disabled for operation >E10 blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Mazda | 2003-2004 | Mazda 6 | False MIL illumination during inspection with multiple U-code DTCs. | PCM sensitive to OBD tool connect/disconnect (Mazda Service Bulletin #01-002/05). | Reset monitors, connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| Mazda | 2005 | Mazda 6 (with 2.3 only) | False MIL illumination during inspection with multiple U-code DTCs. | PCM sensitive to OBD tool connect/disconnect (Mazda Service Bulletin #01-002/05). | Reset monitors, connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| Mazda | 2003-2005 | Mazda 6 – 2.3 engine non PZEV, Mazda 6 – 3.0 engine | False MIL illumination during inspection. | PCM sensitive to OBD tool connect/disconnect (TSB #01-024/05, Emission Recall TSB #1303F). | Follow OIS prompts, connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| Mitsubishi Fuso | 1998-2004 | FE639/FG639 [GVWR 10,001 –14,000] (diesel) [Federal certified] | Vehicle is not equipped with OBDII. | OBD not required in federally certified vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS programmed to skip OBD functional test. |
| Mitsubishi | 2000-2001 | Montero, Montero Sport, Diamante, 3000GT Mirage, Galant, Expo/Expo LRV, and Eclipse models (except 2.0L non—turbo 420A engine models). | Fail for monitor readiness. | Some monitors are difficult to complete. | Follow recommended drive cycles (Mitsubishi service manual). |
| Nissan | 1999-2007 | UD1200, [GVWR 10,001-14,000] (Diesel) [Federal certified] | Vehicle is not equipped with OBDII. | OBD not required in federally certified vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS programmed to skip OBD functional test. |
| Nissan | 2000-2001 | Maxima | Failure to set catalyst monitor. | Only OEM scan tool shows OBD catalyst code. | Test catalyst and replace if defective. |
| Nissan | 2000-2006 | All models | Fail for monitor readiness. | Incomplete monitors during normal driving. | Follow drive cycle for specific model. |
| Plymouth | 1999-2000 | Voyager with 3.0L engine built after 12/1/1998 | EGR Monitor will not complete at high altitude. | Reflash available (TSB 18-03-00). | Repair per TSB, run monitors, retest. |
| Plymouth | 2000 | Voyager 3.3L V-6 (E-85) | Readiness monitors will not set on certain flex fuel models. | All monitors disabled for operation >E30 and ethanol fuel content learning. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Suzuki | 2001 | Aerio | Fail for monitor readiness. | Monitors can be difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle. |
| Suzuki | 2004 | Forenza | Fail for monitor readiness. | Monitors can be difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle. |
| Toyota | 2000-2006 | All models | Fail for monitor readiness. | Monitors can be difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle (Toyota service information). |
| Toyota | 2003-2004 | 4 Runner | Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) light may illuminate if CAN protocol attempted. | Vehicle loses stability control calibration when CAN protocol attempted. | OIS will not attempt CAN protocol on these vehicles. |
| Toyota | 2007 | Highlander Hybrid | Fail for oxygen sensor (air/fuel) monitor readiness. | Air Fuel monitor issue (Toyota Special Service Campaign F0P, TSB #0042-15). | Advise motorist recall may be required (https://www.toyota.com/recall). |
| Volvo | 2000 | S40 / V40 | Failure to set Comprehensive, Oxygen sensor, and Catalyst monitors. | Defective ECM. | Send to Referee for inspection if only comprehensive, oxygen sensor, and catalyst monitors unset. |
| Volvo | 2004-2006 | S40, V50 | Air conditioning readiness monitor mistakenly set to supported. | Vehicle design anomaly. | OIS ignores A/C monitor status. |
| Volvo | 2005-2007 | XC90 | Air conditioning readiness monitor mistakenly set to supported. | Vehicle design anomaly. | OIS ignores A/C monitor status. |
| VW | 2000-2005 | Passat | May fail for no OBD communication. | Broken ground bond wire in ABS module (VW TSB #45 15 01). | Repair and retest. |
This table provides specific instructions for inspectors when encountering these vehicles. For car owners using an “auto drive obd2 code reader manual,” this section highlights that some OBD issues are vehicle-specific and may require specialized knowledge or repairs beyond basic code reading.
Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code Vehicles of Interest: Handling Persistent Codes
Certain vehicles are known to have issues with Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes (PDTCs) that may not clear even after the underlying problem is resolved. In these cases, Smog Check systems are often programmed to ignore specific PDTCs to avoid unwarranted failures.
| Make | Year | Model Engine (L); Fuel Type | Issue | Cause and Possible Remedy | Instructions to Inspector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audi | 2010 | Q7; 3.0 (TDI/diesel) | Permanent Fault Codes P0087, P0088, and P053F will not clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Audi | 2011-2012 | Q7; 3.0 (TDI/diesel) | Permanent Fault Codes P0087, P0088, P053F, P064A, P2635, and P0230 will not clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Chrysler | 2011-2015 | 200; 2.4, 3.6 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2010-2014 | 300; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2017 | Pacifica Hybrid | Vehicle fails for PDTC C2200 or B22A9-00. | Reflash modules per TSB 08-005-21 and 08-006-21. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2018 | Pacifica Hybrid | Vehicle fails for PDTC C2200 or B22A9-00. | Reflash modules per TSB 08-008-21 and 08-009-21. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2019 | Pacifica Hybrid | Vehicle fails for PDTC C2200 or B22A9-00. | Reflash modules per TSB 08-011-21 and 08-012-21. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2011-2015 | Town and Country; 3.6 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2014 | Avenger | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2012 | Caliber; 2.0, 2.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2015 | Challenger; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2014 | Charger; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2015 | Grand Caravan; 3.6 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2010-2011 | Dakota; 3.7, 4.7 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2013 | Dart; 2.0 | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code U0140. | Reflash per Recall V50 and V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2013 | Dart; 2.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2014-2015 | Dart; 2.0, 2.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2014 | Durango; 3.6, 5.7 | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2015 | Journey; 2.4, 3.6 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2010-2011 | Nitro; 3.7, 4.0 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ford | 2011-2014 | Mustang; 3.7 & 5.0 (gasoline) | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code P0315. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code (Customer Satisfaction Program 17N01). | Refer motorist to Ford for Customer Satisfaction Program 17N01. |
| Freightliner | 2014-2015 | Sprinter 2500 Sprinter 3500 (diesel) | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Codes P202A, P203A, P208A, P20B9, P20BD, P20BE or P20FA. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Jeep | 2014-2015 | Cherokee; 2.4, 3.2 | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2010 | Commander; 5.7 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2010-2015 | Grand Cherokee; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2014-2017 | Grand Cherokee (diesel) | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code P1D30. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores this code. |
| Jeep | 2010-2012 | Liberty; 3.7 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2011-2015 | Patriot / Compass; 2.0, 2.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2010-2015 | Wrangler; 3.6, 3.8 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Mercedes | 2010-2013 | 350 Bluetec | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Codes P203D, P20B6, P20BD or P20BE. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Mercedes | 2014-2015 | Sprinter 2500 Sprinter 3500 (diesel) | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Codes P202A, P203A, P208A, P20B9, P20BD, P20BE or P20FA. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Ram | 2010-2014 | 1500; 3.6, 3.7, 4.7, 5.7 | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2013 | 1500; 3.6, 5.7 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V50. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2014-2017 | 1500 (diesel) | Vehicle fails for Permanent Fault Code P1D30. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores this code. |
| Ram | 2010-2015 | 2500; 5.7, 6.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2011-2015 | 3500 Cab Chassis; 5.7, 6.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2013-2015 | 3500 Pickup; 5.7, 6.4 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2014 | Promaster; 3.6 | Permanent Fault Codes will not clear. | Reflash per Recall V50. | Reflash then retest. |
| Volkswagen | 2010 | Touareg; 3.0 (TDI/diesel) | Permanent Fault Codes P20B5, P0087, P0088, and P053F will not clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Volkswagen | 2011-2012 | Touareg; 3.0 (TDI/diesel). | Permanent Fault Codes P20B5, P0087, P0088, P053F, P064A, P2635, and P0230 will not clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
This information is particularly useful when using an “auto drive obd2 code reader manual” and encountering persistent codes that seem resistant to clearing. It indicates that in some cases, the issue might be a known vehicle characteristic rather than a new fault.
BAR-97 EIS Vehicles of Interest: Older Vehicle OBD-II Considerations
For older vehicles (model years 1996-1999), the BAR-97 EIS (Emission Inspection System) is used for Smog Checks. Some vehicles in this age range have monitor readiness issues due to their early OBD-II implementations. In many cases, the BAR-97 EIS is programmed to accommodate these design anomalies.
| Make | Year | Model Engine (L); Fuel Type | Issue | Cause and Possible Remedy | Instructions to Inspector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMW | 1996 | 7-Series, 8-Series 5.0L, 5.4L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Chrysler | 1996 | Cirrus, Concord, LHS Sebring Convertible | All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off. | Recall campaign #678, TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty). | Comply with recall, then test as normal. |
| Chrysler | 1996 | Concord, LHS, New Yorker, Sebring, Town & Country 2.0L, 2.4L, 2.5L, 3.3L, 3.5L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Chrysler | 1998-1999 | Town & Country 3.3L Flex Fuel | Monitors may not function when ethanol is detected. | Test as normal. | Test as normal. |
| Dodge | 1996 | Stratus, Intrepid, Neon | All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off. | Recall campaign #678, TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty). | Comply with recall, then test as normal. |
| Dodge | 1996 | Avenger, Stratus 2.0L manual | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Dodge | 1996 | Stealth 3.0L | All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off. | Not reflashable. | EIS ignores readiness status. |
| Dodge | 1998-1999 | Caravan 3.3L Flex Fuel | Monitors may not function when ethanol is detected. | Test as normal. | Test as normal. |
| Eagle | 1996 | Vision | All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off. | Recall campaign #678, TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty). | Comply with TSB, then test as normal. |
| Eagle | 1996-1997 | Talon 2.0L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Ford | 2020-2022 | F-53 Motorhome, F-59 Commercial Stripped Chassis; Gasoline (not hybrid) | May fail for no OBD communication. | Design issue, software update available (SSM 50974). | Direct vehicle to Ford dealership for software update. |
| Ford | 2021-2023 | F-650, F-750; all engines; Gasoline (not hybrid) | May fail for no OBD communication. | Design issue, software update available (SSM 50974). | Direct vehicle to Ford dealership for software update. |
| Hyundai | 1996 | Accent 1.5L Elantra 1.8L Sonata 2.0L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Hyundai | 1997-1998 | Sonata 2.0L, 3.0L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| lnfiniti | 1996 | All models | Catalyst and evaporative system monitors are difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle (TSB #ITB98-011F). | Test as normal. |
| Kia | 1996 | Sephia Sportage | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Lexus | 1996-1999 | All models | Monitors can be difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycles (Lexus service information). | Test as normal. |
| Mercedes-Benz | 1996 | C220, E320, C280, S320, SL320 | MIL illuminates when scan tool is connected. Trouble codes are not stored. | OBD II connector used as RPM source. | Do not connect OBD II connector until prompted. Use conventional/non-contact RPM method. |
| Mitsubishi | 1996-1997 | All Models | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Mitsubishi | 1998 | Eclipse (all), Galant 2.4L, Mirage, Montero Sport 2.4L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Mitsubishi | 1998 | 3000GT, Diamante, Galant 2.3L, Montero, Montero Sport 3.0L | Some monitors are difficult to complete. | Follow recommended drive cycles (Mitsubishi service manual). | Test as normal. |
| Mitsubishi | 1999 | All models | Some monitors are difficult to complete. | Follow recommended drive cycles (Mitsubishi service manual). | Test as normal. |
| Nissan | 1996 | Sentra 1.6L and 2.0L manual, 200SX 1.6L, 240SX 2.4L, Maxima 3.0L, Pickup 2.4L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Nissan | 1996-1997 | All models | Catalyst and evaporative system monitors are difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle (Nissan TSB #NTB98-018G). | Comply with TSB, then test as normal. |
| Nissan | 1999 | All models | Monitors can be difficult to complete. | Follow owner’s manual drive cycle. | Test as normal. |
| Plymouth | 1996 | Breeze, Neon | All monitors reset to incomplete upon every ignition key-off. | Recall campaign #678, TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty). | Comply with recall, then test as normal. |
| Plymouth | 1998-1999 | Voyager 3.3L Flex Fuel | Monitors may not function when ethanol is detected. | Test as normal. | Test as normal. |
| Saab | 1996-1998 | 900 2.3L (B234 with Motronic 4.1) | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Saab | 1996-1998 | All models | Catalyst and evaporative system monitors are difficult to complete. | Saab Service Instruction No. 248-9037. | Comply with TSB, then test as normal. |
| Subaru | 1996 | All models | Readiness cleared at key-off. | EIS ignores readiness status. | Test normally. |
| Toyota | 1996-1999 | All models | Monitors can be difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycles (Toyota service information). | Test as normal. |
| Toyota | 1996-1997 | Tercel, Paseo | Evaporative system monitor will never complete or is unsupported. | EIS allows any one monitor to be incomplete. | Test as normal. |
| VW | 1997-1999 | Passat | May fail for no OBD communication. | Broken ground bond wire in ABS module (VW TSB #45 15 01). | Repair and retest. |
| Volvo | 1996-1998 | All models | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow recommended drive cycles (Service Bulletin 25-19). | EIS ignores readiness status. |
For users of an “auto drive obd2 code reader manual” working on older vehicles, this table emphasizes that monitor readiness issues may be normal for certain models and are often accommodated by the inspection system.
Conclusion
Understanding the OBD system and how it is tested during Smog Checks is crucial for vehicle owners and technicians alike. This guide provides a detailed overview of the pass/fail standards, common issues, and vehicle-specific considerations. By using this information in conjunction with your “auto drive obd2 code reader manual,” you can gain a deeper understanding of vehicle diagnostics, emission control, and the requirements for passing OBD-II based inspections. Staying informed about these standards and vehicle-specific issues is essential for effective vehicle maintenance and ensuring compliance with emission regulations.
An OBD-II port, typically located under the dashboard, is essential for connecting code readers and diagnostic tools to access vehicle system data.
The Check Engine Light, or MIL, illuminates to indicate potential issues detected by the OBD system, requiring further investigation with a code reader.
